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Strategic war tao4/2/2023 One country’s success does not have to mean another country’s failure, and the world is big enough to accommodate common development and progress of all countries.” Virtue of Non-contention Last month, President Xi emphasized this theme in his speech to the United Nations General Assembly by explaining that differences between countries are unavoidable and “need to be handled through dialogue and cooperation on the basis of equality and mutual respect. President Xi’s summer 2021 announcement that China will transition from its contentious wolf warrior diplomacy to instead “ make friends, unite and win over the majority” is an example of applying the non-contention principle in political affairs. It is called the virtue of non-contention.” Those who are good at managing people lower themselves. Those who are good at defeating enemies do not engage them. Specifically, it advises: “The great generals are not warlike. The Tao-te Ching, however, recommends that leaders enervate an opponent by not engaging them directly (i.e., conserving the strength of one’s forces and moving with “subtle clarity” toward the objective). Ultimately, wolf warrior diplomats seek to “ defend China’s national interests, often in confrontational ways.” This assertive diplomacy style, dubbed “ wolf warrior,” is named after a 2017 patriotic film series. In recent years President Xi’s directives and Chinese public opinion have set a more aggressive diplomatic tone, reasons Peter Martin. Studying Tao and its principles of how to exhaust a greater force can shed light on China’s national strategy under President Xi. ![]() By drawing upon the teachings of Chinese classics like the Tao-te Ching and I Ching, President Xi “is trying to elevate his policy preference to the level of philosophy, which is the science of all science,” reasons Chen Daoyin, a political scientist at the Shanghai University of Political Science and Law. Understanding how the philosophical concept of Tao-the Way-is interwoven into the historical tapestry of Chinese military and civil strategy can help decisionmakers better assess the strategic long-term implications of the United States’ competitive relationship with China. ![]() What might the United States learn from President Xi’s use of this philosophical text? The Tao-te Ching Offers Leaders Guidance on Asserting Force and Appearing to Yield Chinese president Xi Jinping is gaining a reputation for adapting one of the most famous works of ancient Chinese literature to help legitimize his policies-the Tao-te Ching, commonly attributed to the sixth century BCE sage Laozi.
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